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Quartin et al. BMC Infectious Diseases 2013, 13:561 http://biomedcentral/1471-2334/13/RESEARCH ARTICLEOpen AccessA comparison of microbiology and demographics amongst patients with healthcare-associated, hospital-acquired, and ventilator-associated pneumonia: a retrospective analysis of 1184 sufferers from a sizable, international studyAndrew A Quartin1,2,3, Ernesto G Scerpella4, Sailaja Puttagunta4 and Daniel H Kett1,two,3*AbstractBackground: Acceptance of healthcare-associated pneumonia (HCAP) as an entity and the related threat of infection by potentially multidrug-resistant (MDR) organisms including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter have been debated.127094-57-9 Purity We for that reason compared individuals with HCAP, hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP), and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) enrolled within a trial comparing linezolid with vancomycin for treatment of pneumonia.Price of Tris(perfluorophenyl)borane Methods: The evaluation included all patients who received study drug. HCAP was defined as pneumonia occurring 48 hours into hospitalization and acquired inside a long-term care, subacute, or intermediate overall health care facility; following current hospitalization; or following chronic dialysis. Outcomes: Data from 1184 patients (HCAP = 199, HAP = 379, VAP = 606) were analyzed. Compared with HAP and VAP individuals, these with HCAP have been older, had slightly larger severity scores, and have been a lot more most likely to have comorbidities. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was probably the most frequent gram-negative organism isolated in all pneumonia classes [HCAP, 22/199 (11.1 ); HAP, 28/379 (7.four ); VAP, 57/606 (9.four ); p = 0.311]. Acinetobacter spp. have been also located with equivalent frequencies across pneumonia groups. To address possible enrollment bias toward individuals with MRSA pneumonia, we grouped patients by presence or absence of MRSA and discovered small difference in frequencies of Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter.PMID:23376608 Conclusions: Within this population of pneumonia patients, the frequencies of MDR gram-negative pathogens were related among individuals with HCAP, HAP, or VAP. Our data assistance inclusion of HCAP within nosocomial pneumonia guidelines plus the recommendation that empiric antibiotic regimens for HCAP should be equivalent to those for HAP and VAP. Search phrases: Nosocomial pneumonia, Healthcare-associated pneumonia, Intensive care, Hospital-acquired pneumonia, Ventilator-associated pneumonia* Correspondence: [email protected] 1 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Miller School of Medicine in the University of Miami, Jackson Memorial Hospital, 1611 NW 12th Avenue, C455A, Miami, FL 33156, USA two Division of Veterans Affairs Health-related Center, Miami, FL, USA Full list of author information is offered in the end with the short article?2013 Quartin et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. That is an open access report distributed under the terms of the Inventive Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in.