E substantial alterations in endometrial proliferation in obese rats. On the other hand, our

E important alterations in endometrial proliferation in obese rats. However, our findings hint that development regulatory pathways are being targeted by metformin. To evaluate the full effects of metformin as a chemopreventive agent, a longer term study is needed. In summary, epidemiologic evidence demonstrates that metformin exerts chemopreventive and anti-proliferative effects for any number of cancers 8, 9, 10. Our study has shown that metformin modulates insulin receptor and IGF1R autophosphorylation, and attenuates the proliferative pathways with the endometrium in response to estrogen within the context of obesity. Human studies that examine biomarker alteration within the endometrium will likely be required in order to decide regardless of whether metformin can be a rational and powerful method towards the chemoprevention of endometrial cancer in obese girls.NIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author ManuscriptSupplementary MaterialRefer to Web version on PubMed Central for supplementary material.AcknowledgmentsThe RT-qPCR assays and all runs were accomplished within the Quantitative Genomics Core Laboratory at the University of Texas Health-related College at Houston. We thank Dr. Gregory L. Shipley and Dr. Peter J.A. Davies for their assistance with this project. The project described was supported in component by Grant Number P50CA098258 from the National Cancer Institute, and also in part by the National Institutes of Wellness by means of MD Anderson’s Cancer Center Help Grant CA016672.DMT-2’fluoro-da(bz) amidite Chemscene Am J Obstet Gynecol.668261-21-0 Purity Author manuscript; accessible in PMC 2014 July 01.ZHANG et al.Web page
Mar. Drugs 2013, 11, 2230-2238; doi:10.3390/mdOPEN ACCESSMarine DrugsISSN 1660-3397 mdpi/journal/marinedrugs ArticleSecondary Metabolites from Penicillium pinophilum SD-272, a Marine Sediment-Derived FungusMing-Hui Wang 1,two, Xiao-Ming Li 1, Chun-Shun Li 1, Nai-Yun Ji 3,* and Bin-Gui Wang 1,*2Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanhai Road 7, Qingdao 266071, China; E-Mails: wangmh29@yahoo.PMID:28630660 cn (M.-H.W.); [email protected] (X.-M.L.); [email protected] (C.-S.L.) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan Road 19A, Beijing 100049, China Important Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Bioresource Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Analysis, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chunhui Road 17, Yantai 264003, China* Authors to whom correspondence ought to be addressed; E-Mails: [email protected] (N.-Y.J.); [email protected] (B.-G.W.); Tel.: +86-535-210-9176 (N.-Y.J.); +86-532-8289-8553 (B.-G.W.); Fax: +86-535-210-9000 (N.-Y.J.); +86-532-8289-8553 (B.-G.W.). Received: 14 March 2013; in revised type: 24 May possibly 2013 / Accepted: 27 May possibly 2013 / Published: 21 JuneAbstract: Two new secondary metabolites, namely, pinodiketopiperazine A (1) and 6,7-dihydroxy-3-methoxy-3-methylphthalide (two), together with alternariol two,4-dimethyl ether (3) and L-5-oxoproline methyl ester (4), which were isolated from a all-natural supply for the initial time but happen to be previously synthesized, had been characterized in the marine sediment-derived fungus Penicillium pinophilum SD-272. Furthermore, six known metabolites (five?0) have been also identified. Their structures have been elucidated by evaluation with the NMR and mass spectroscopic information. The absolute configuration of compound 1 was determined by experimental and calculated ECD spectra. Compound two displayed potent brine shrimp (Artemia salina) lethality with LD50 11.2 M. Keywords: sediment; Penicillium pinophilum; secondary metabolite; brine sh.